Faced with the crisis, Cuba is launching an ambitious plan of economic and administrative reforms.

Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel announced a sweeping reform program aimed at reviving the country's economy, reducing state centralization, and granting greater autonomy to several sectors. Presented during an address on public television, this plan marks one of the most significant economic initiatives undertaken by Cuban authorities in recent years.

According to Miguel Díaz-Canel, these reforms are not the result of external pressure but rather a response to the need to modernize the national economy. The head of state affirmed that the country continues to manage the situation prudently, while calling for unity and solidarity in the face of economic difficulties.

The draft bill is to be submitted in the coming weeks to the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of Cuba before being examined by the National Assembly of People's Power. Among the main measures announced are a relaxation of regulations for agricultural producers, the elimination of the mandatory role of state-owned enterprises as intermediaries in foreign trade, and the lifting of restrictions on vehicle imports.

The government also wants to attract more foreign investment. With this in mind, Cubans living abroad could enjoy the same economic rights as citizens residing on the island. The authorities hope this will mobilize new sources of capital to support growth.

The reform also includes a reduction in the size of the state apparatus. The number of ministries would be reduced from 27 to 20 in order to make the administration more efficient and cut bureaucracy. Furthermore, widespread subsidies on certain products would be gradually phased out in favor of targeted aid aimed directly at the most vulnerable people.

The tourism sector, a key pillar of the Cuban economy, is also affected. Authorities are considering opening this sector up further to new business models and new players, while several foreign groups have reduced or ceased their operations in the country. Among them are the hotel chains Meliá Hotels International, Iberostar, Blue Diamond Resorts, and Archipelago International, which have cited the consequences of US sanctions.

This shift in focus comes as Cuban tourism faces a profound crisis. According to data from the Cuban National Office of Statistics and Information, 328,608 foreign tourists visited Cuba in the first four months of the year, a decrease of 55,8% compared to the same period last year. In April, the country welcomed only 30,551 visitors, illustrating the extent of the difficulties facing one of the most strategic sectors of the Cuban economy.