Breast cancer: screening is missing in 95% of women at risk before age 50 in England

British breast cancer screening criteria are too restrictive for women under 50, according to a study published in the British Journal of Cancer. Current recommendations rely primarily on family history and genetic mutations, while many cancers occur in patients with none of these indicators.

Researchers from the University of Cambridge and the Institute of Cancer Research used the Boadicea calculator, which combines genetics, lifestyle, family history, and reproductive history. This tool reportedly identified eight times more women who subsequently developed breast cancer than the criteria typically applied by the British healthcare system.

Expanding screening could also lead to a proliferation of unnecessary tests.

With this method, 26,5% of women under 50 would be considered at higher than average risk. The system would identify 34,8% of those developing the disease within the following ten years, compared to only 4,4% with the current criteria. This difference is explained in particular by the fact that 73% of the patients concerned had no family history of the disease.

Researchers are calling for a review of the recommendations, while acknowledging the limitations of widespread screening. An increase in referrals could overwhelm services, lead to unnecessary examinations, and increase anxiety. The UK health authority therefore believes that the data remains insufficient to immediately change its guidelines. Nevertheless, all women are encouraged to consult a doctor if they notice a lump, an unusual change in the breast, or any other persistent symptoms.