What if a simple piece of cheese could help preserve memory? Two recent Japanese studies, published in the journal NutrientsResearch suggests that regular cheese consumption could reduce the risk of dementia, particularly in people over 65. This surprising finding comes from a country where dairy products are not a staple of the traditional diet. Researchers followed more than 8,000 Japanese people aged 65 and older, with no cognitive impairment at the start of the study, for three years. Participants were divided into two groups: regular cheese consumers and those who almost never ate cheese. The results showed that 3,4% of cheese lovers developed dementia, compared to 4,5% of non-consumers, representing a reduction of approximately 24% in risk after adjusting for age, lifestyle, and overall health.
Key nutrients for the brain
Researchers emphasize that cheese contains several compounds beneficial to brain function: proteins, amino acids, calcium, vitamin K2, and probiotics produced during fermentation. These elements contribute to the protection of neurons, the regulation of blood calcium, and the reduction of inflammation—all key factors in preventing cognitive decline. Fermented cheeses, such as Camembert or Brie, may even enhance this effect thanks to their beneficial bacteria for the gut microbiota, which is often associated with brain health. The Japanese study confirms trends already observed in Europe. In Finland, a large cohort study showed a 28% reduction in the risk of dementia among heavy cheese consumers, while British research has linked cheese consumption to improved brain connectivity, particularly in carriers of the APOE4 gene, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
One portion a day, the right balance
Scientists caution, however, that these results do not prove that cheese directly protects against dementia, but rather that it represents a significant correlation that warrants further investigation. In France, official recommendations advise two dairy products per day, including a portion of cheese of approximately 30 grams (a small piece of Camembert, Comté, or goat cheese). In a context where the number of dementia cases could triple by 2050 according to the World Health Organization, this discovery offers a glimmer of hope: a simple food, deeply rooted in French culinary culture, could become an accessible tool for cognitive prevention. While not a miracle cure, cheese is gradually establishing itself as a valuable ally for the aging brain.
