Climate change and the degradation of natural habitats could encourage the movement of many species of venomous snakes towards more densely populated areas, according to a study published in the scientific journal PLOS Neglected Tropical DiseasesResearchers believe this development could increase the risk of bites for human populations in several regions of the world.
The authors analyzed the distribution of 508 species of venomous snakes of medical interest, meaning those whose bites can cause serious or even fatal consequences. Using high-resolution mapping, they assessed areas of overlap between human populations and these reptiles. Each year, snakebites are responsible for approximately 138.000 deaths and more than 400.000 cases of disability worldwide, primarily in developing countries.
Particularly exposed regions of the world
The results show that many species could see their ranges significantly altered in the coming decades. Some, already threatened, risk losing part of their natural habitat, while others could migrate to more urbanized areas. This increased proximity between snakes and human populations would inevitably increase the risk of accidents and bites.
According to the researchers, the most significant increases could be observed in the United States, China, the Indian subcontinent, several regions of West Africa, around the Congo Basin, and in the northern Andes of South America. The authors hope that their work will allow health authorities to better anticipate these developments, particularly by improving the distribution of antivenoms and the organization of healthcare facilities in the most affected areas.
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