Do you see flies, filaments, or small dark spots moving in your field of vision? These phenomena, often described as "worms" or "cobwebs," are in the vast majority of cases actually due to... floaters.
They are linked to a change in the vitreous humor, the transparent gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina. With age, or more frequently in nearsighted individuals, this gel can partially liquefy and form small clumps. These fragments float within the eye and cast shadows on the retina, hence these moving shapes, visible especially against a light background.
In most cases, it's a benign phenomenon called floaters. Floaters can be bothersome, but they don't seriously impair vision and usually don't require treatment. Over time, the brain often learns to ignore them, and their perception diminishes.
When should you consult?
A prompt consultation with an ophthalmologist is essential if the onset of symptoms is sudden, accompanied by flashes of light, or a sensation of a dark "curtain" in the field of vision. These signs may indicate a retinal tear or detachment, a rare but serious complication.
An examination of the fundus of the eye allows for verification of the retina's integrity. In the event of a tear, laser treatment may be offered to prevent detachment. If retinal detachment is diagnosed, surgery is necessary.
Is there a treatment?
Once established, floaters often persist for life. Surgery called vitrectomy can be considered in very debilitating cases, but it remains delicate due to the proximity of the retina and is only offered in exceptional circumstances.
In summary, seeing "floaters" is common, especially with age. The phenomenon is usually harmless. However, any sudden change or any associated flashing lights should prompt a prompt consultation to rule out retinal damage.
