French wheat production is expected to reach 32 million tons in 2026, a 4% decrease compared to last year, according to initial estimates published by Agreste, the statistical service of the Ministry of Agriculture. This decline comes despite a 3% increase in cultivated area. Heat waves at the end of the growing season reduced yields, impacting Europe's leading grain producer.
The harvest was also particularly early this year. According to Benoît Piétrement, president of Intercéréales, the harvests took place under exceptional weather conditions, with very high temperatures and restrictions imposed in several departments due to the risk of fire. Farmers sometimes had to adjust their working hours to mitigate these risks.
Yields are down despite good grain quality
The provisional average yield is estimated at 69,3 quintals per hectare, compared to 74,2 quintals in 2025. While the quality of the grains is considered satisfactory, performance remains highly variable across the regions, as early heat waves have accelerated crop maturation and reduced their production potential.
Barley production is also down. It is estimated at 11 million tonnes, a 6% decrease year-on-year. Spring barley was particularly affected by the heatwave, with a 36% drop in yield, confirming the impact of extreme weather conditions on France's main cereal crops.
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